在线超低温预浓缩-全二维气相色谱-飞行时间质谱联用系统在大气挥发性有机物监测中的应用

采用自主研制的在线超低温预浓缩设备，连续在线采集大气样品或者连续采集苏玛罐离线样品，对样品进行超低温捕集浓缩和二次超低温冷冻聚焦，采用全二维气相色谱-飞行时间质谱联用技术分离检测浓缩后的挥发性有机物，实现对大气中C2~C12共100多种挥发性有机物的浓缩富集和定性定量分析。本研究对该方法的线性、重复性、加标回收率、检出限等性能进行表征，并与常规一维气相色谱-四极杆质谱联用系统的定性定量结果进行比较。结果表明，该方法不仅满足大气中挥发性有机物检测的性能指标要求，且组分定性定量的准确性、灵敏度等指标均优于一维气相色谱-四极杆质谱联用技术，在挥发性有机物成分较复杂的大气样品检测中具有明显优势。     

巨型工程机械子午线轮胎高强度、低生热胎面基部胶配方开发

通过对国外知名品牌37.00R57和40.00R57规格巨型工程机械子午线轮胎胎面基部胶组成分析和物理性能测试,对我公司巨型工程机械子午线轮胎胎面基部胶配方进行优化设计。新开发配方半成品和成品胶料动态损耗因子分别降低37.9%和26.6%,胶料物理性能达到竞品水平,成品轮胎TKPH提升13.6%。     

LLM-105/CL-20基高能钝感PBX的制备与性能表征

为满足含能材料高能钝感的要求,以CL-20为主体炸药,LLM-105为钝感剂,采用溶液水悬浮法制备了LLM-105质量分数分别为10%、20%、30%的3种LLM-105/CL-20基PBX。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、粉末X射线衍射仪(PXRD)和差示扫描量热仪(DSC)对样品的形貌、晶体结构和热性能进行表征,并测试其机械感度;采用EXPLO5软件计算了其爆轰参数。结果表明,LLM-105/CL-20基PBX样品呈类球形,颗粒密实,粒径约为500μm;PBX中各组分的晶体结构未发生改变;3种配方的热安定性都较好,且随着钝感剂LLM-105含量的增加,LLM-105/CL-20基PBX的热爆炸临界温度呈递增趋势;与原料CL-20相比,3种LLM-105/CL-20基PBX的特性落高分别提高了25.88、33.68、37.18 cm,摩擦爆炸概率分别下降29%、38%、45%;LLM-105质量分数为10%的LLM-105/CL-20基PBX的特性落高与PBX-9501相当,而LLM-105质量分数为20%和30%的LLM-105/CL-20基PBX分别比PBX-9501高16.6%和25.12%;理论爆速分别高381.76、279.2、82.03 m/s。3种配方LLM-105/CL-20基PBX炸药的爆轰性能明显优于PBX-9501。     

端盖双滑块+斜顶3次复合抽芯机构注射模设计

针对塑件注射成型自动化实施困难问题， 设计了一副单点潜浇口、两板式2次开模注射模来解决这一难题。模具布局为1模2腔。模具中单腔的机构设置情况为：（1）定模侧，设计了一个油缸驱动的定模顶出机构；动模侧，设置了2个特殊的斜顶+滑块复合机构、1个万能斜顶机构、1个隧道滑块机构、及1个顶针顶出机构；（2）定模顶出机构由油缸驱动定模顶出板以驱动6根斜顶杆来对6个倒扣特征进行自动脱模；（3）2个特殊的复合机构分别为：双滑块+斜顶3次复合抽芯机构、单滑块斜顶两次抽芯机构；此2个机构的作用是，通过斜导柱驱动滑块，从而2次驱动滑块内的斜顶实施2次抽芯，来到达塑件局部区域多次多向抽芯的目的；（4）机构中，使用万能斜顶机构能有效减小模具高度尺寸；使用隧道滑块斜抽芯机构，动模一侧增加1次模板开模打开来驱动隧道滑块实施斜抽芯，能有效利用模具开模动力，降低模具制造成本。     

Core–shell type multi‐arm azide polymers based on hyperbranched copolyether as potential energetic materials in solid propellants

A series of novel multi‐arm azide copolymers (POGs) with the same hyperbranched poly[3‐ethyl‐3‐(hydroxymethyl)oxetane] core (PEHO‐c) and different content of linear glycidyl azide polymer shell (GAP‐s) have been synthesized by sequential cationic ring‐opening polymerization and azidation. Detailed structural information of these copolyethers was deduced from Fourier transform infrared, ¹H NMR and inverse gated decoupled ¹³C NMR spectroscopies, matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry, gel permeation chromatography and elemental analysis. The molecular weight of POG having GAP‐s and PEHO‐c with a molar ratio 14.95:1 (R_s/c) was around 31 000 g mol^?1, far above that of linear GAP (around 4000 g mol^?1). The apparent viscosity and glass transition temperature (?51 to ?23 °C) decreased first and then slightly increased with increasing molecular weight. Thermal analysis revealed that all the obtained POGs exhibited excellent resistance to thermal decomposition up to 220 °C. Moreover, the energetic properties, investigated using oxygen bomb calorimetric measurements, indicated that the enthalpy of formation of the POGs was higher than that of general linear GAP, but similar to that of branched GAP under reasonable R_s/c. The compatibilities of the POGs with common materials used in solid propellants were studied using differential scanning calorimetry and the results indicated that the POGs had good compatibility with these materials. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry     

Ni-Co-Sn三元系相平衡的实验研究

本实验通过采用电子探针显微分析和X-ray衍射分析方法实验研究了Ni-Co-Sn三元体系在700°C和1000°C时的相平衡。在这两个温度截面中均未发现三元化合物。βCo3Sn2相和Ni3Sn2（h）相形成了一个贯穿连续固溶体相。Ni-Sn侧包含Ni3Sn（l）、Ni3Sn（h）和Ni3Sn4三个化合物相，它们中Sn的固溶度是有很大区别的。700°C时，Co在Ni3Sn（l）和Ni3Sn4中的最大固溶度在分别约为6.9 at.%和25.6 at.%，在1000°C时，Co在Ni3Sn（h）中的最大固溶度约为15.5 at.%。在700℃和1000℃下，Ni-Co侧的（αCo，Ni）相为一个贯穿连续固溶体相，并且Sn在（αCo，Ni）相中的固溶度约为1 at.% ~10.5 at.%。Ni在线性化合物CoSn相中的溶解度约为15.9 at.%。     

Effect of titanium chelating compound on hydration resistance of CaO material

The hydration resistance of CaO materials prepared by Ca(OH)₂ calcination with titanium chelating compounds is investigated in this paper. The crystalline phases and microstructure characteristics of sintered specimens were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), define FTIR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The results showed that the hydration resistance of CaO samples was improved significantly, especially for samples with 9 wt% Ti chelating compound. The specimens with Ti chelating compound showed an increase in bulk density and a decrease in apparent porosity after heating when compared to the specimens without additive. The grain surface of CaO grain and the gaps between the CaO grain boundaries were covered with calcium phosphate glass phase, calcium phosphate showed two different shapes: irregular shape and rod shape. The formation and distribution of these two forms were the key factors that affecting the hydration resistance of CaO samples.     

Investigation of the Sharkskin melt instability using optical Fourier analysis

An optical method allowing the characterization of melt flow instabilities typically occurring during an extrusion process of polymers and polymer compounds is presented. It is based on a camera-acquired image of the extruded compound with a reference length scale. Application of image processing and transformation of the calibrated image to the frequency domain yields the magnitude spectrum of the instability. The effectiveness of the before mentioned approach is shown on Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) compounds, covering a wide range of silica filler content, extruded through a Göttfert capillary rheometer. The results of the image-based analysis are compared with the results from the sharkskin option, a series of highly sensitive pressure transducers installed inside the rheometer. A simplified version of the code used to produce the optical analysis results is included as supplementary material. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48806.     

用“沸石转轮浓缩吸附+氧化燃烧”处理涂装废气的设计

从法规要求、废气初始浓度、设备、安全措施、电气控制等方面详细介绍了涂装车间采用沸石转轮浓缩吸附和氧化燃烧技术处理废气时在规划及设计过程中需注意的要点。     

不同有机物对硝酸盐氮测试的影响

研究了红糖、葡萄糖、乙酸钠、甲醇、乙醇、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、正戊酸、混合有机溶剂等10种不同有机物对麝香草酚光谱法和离子色谱法测试硝酸盐氮的影响。结果表明,溶液中含有红糖或葡萄糖时,均会对麝香草酚法测试硝酸盐氮造成影响,使得测试结果偏大;在无硝酸根离子存在时,红糖和葡萄糖的质量浓度与硝酸盐氮的测试浓度非线性相关;而乙酸钠、甲醇、乙醇、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、正戊酸和混合有机溶剂则对麝香草酚法测试硝酸盐氮没有影响。实验发现,红糖和葡萄糖在浓硫酸的作用下与麝香草酚发生Molisch反应,形成有色复合物和红棕色不溶性沉淀。实验采用离子色谱法测试硝酸盐氮时,红糖和葡萄糖等糖类有机物对测试结果均无影响。